阅读理解。
PsychologistGeorgeSpilichandcolleaguesatWashingtonCollegeinChestertown
Marylanddecidedtofindoutwhetherasmanysmokerssaysmokinghelpsthemto"think
andconcentrate."Spilichputyoungnon-smokersactivesmokersandsmokersdeprived
(被剥夺)ofcigarettesthroughaseriesoftests.
Inthefirsttesteachsubject(试验对象)satbeforeacomputerscreenandpressedakey
assoonasheorsherecognizedatargetletteramongagroupingof96.Inthissimpletest
smokersdeprivedsmokersandnon-smokersperformedequallywell.
Thenexttestwasmorecomplexrequiringalltoscansequencesof20identicalletters
andrespondtheinstantoneoftheletterstransformedintoadifferentone.Non-smokers
werefasterbutunderthestimulationofnicotineactivesmokerswerefasterthandeprived
smokers.
Inthethirdtestofshort-termmemorynon-smokersmadethefewesterrorsbutdeprived
smokerscommittedfewererrorsthanactivesmokers.
Thefourthtestrequiredpeopletoreadapassagethenanswerquestionsaboutit.
Non-smokersrememberedl9percentmoreofthemostimportantinformationthanactive
smokersanddeprivedsmokersbestedthosewhohadsmokedacigarettejustbefore
testing-Activesmokerstendednotonlytohavepoorermemoriesbutalsohadtrouble
separatingimportantinformationfrominsignificantdetails.
"Asourtestsbecamemorecomplex."sumsupSpilich"non-smokersperformedbetter
thansmokersbywiderandwidermargins".Hepredicts'smokersmightperformadequately
atmanyjobs-untiltheygotcomplicated.Asmokingairlinepilotcouldflyadequatelyifno
problemsarosebutifsomethingwentwrongsmokingmightdamagehismentalcapacity."
l.ThepurposeofGeorgeSpilich'sexperimentsis._____
A.totestwhethersmokinghasapositiveeffectonthementalcapacityofsmokers
B.toshowhowsmokingdamagespeople'smentalcapacity
C.toprovethatsmokingaffectspeople'sregularperformance
D.tofindoutwhethersmokinghelpspeople'sshort-termmemory
2.George
毛春丽回答：
1-5ABACD
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