当前位置: 诗词网 >问答 >小学 >英语 >英语的平行结构是什么

英语的平行结构是什么

更新时间:2024-04-27 01:31:04
问题描述:

英语的平行结构是什么

唐正茂回答:

  平行结构

  一、连词连接两个对等的词和对等的结构

  并列连词and,but,aswellas,or,orelse,both…and,neither…nor,either…or,notonly…but(also),

  ratherthan等以及从属连词than可连接两个对等的词和对等的结构.

  1.所连接的谓语形式必须一致

  例1:Hewentdowntown,boughtsomebooksandvisitedhisdaughter.

  例2:Gunpowderwasdiscoveredinthetwelfthcentury,butnotusedinwarfareuntiltwohundredyearslater.

  2.所连接的词或短语形式必须一致

  例1:Yoursemestergradeisbasednotonlyonhowwellyoudooneachtest,butalsoonhowyouparticipatein

  class.

  例2:Weoftengotothecountrysideaswellastofactories.

  例3:Iwouldmuchrathergotothecountrysidethanstayhere.

  3.连接的非谓语动词的形式必须一致

  例1:Somefindswimmingmoreenjoyablethansittingathomereading.

  例2:Hewasengagedinwritingaletterratherthanreadingthenewspaper.

  4.所连接的句子结构必须一致

  例1:Sheispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenandallthatyouhavetoldhim.

  例2:Thepurposeoftheresearchhadamoredifferentmeaningforthemthanitdidforus.

  二、某些特定的固定结构.例如:

  (1)有些词后要用平行结构.例如:

  prefersthtosth

  preferdoingsthtodoingsth

  prefertodosthratherthandosth

  1)Ipreferricetonoodles.

  2)IpreferwatchingTVtolisteningtomusic.

  3)Hepreferredtodieratherthansurrender.

  (2)有些结构中要用平行结构.例如:

  would/hadrather/soonerdosomethingthandosomething,would/hadassoondosomethingasdosomething

  (宁可……也不……)

  1)LiuHulansaidshehadratherdiethangiveup.

  2)Iwouldassoonstayathomeasgo.

  III部分强调句

  要强调句子的某一部分,可以把句子的结构改变一下,通常有两种表示强调的句式:Itis/was…that…结构和What…is

  /was…结构.

  一、Itis/was…that…结构

  1.Itis/was…that…结构可以用来强调句子中几乎任何部分

  例1:ItwasmymotherthatthrewaneggatMr.Liyesterday.

  例2:ItwasMr.Lithatmymotherthrewaneggatyesterday.

  2.被强调的部分指人时,可用who枵whom

  强调主语时,如果指的是人,可以不用that而用who来代替.强调宾语时,如果指点的是人,可用whom.例如:

  1)Itwasthedeanwhowalkedby.

  2)ItwasMarywhomtheoldladymissedmost.

  3被强调部分指物时,要用that

  例如:ItwasaneggthatmymotherthrewatMr.Liyesterday.

  4.被强调部分是状语时,也只能用that,不能用when或where.

  例1:ItisduringhissparetimethatJohnhasbeenstudyingacourseinFrench.

  例2:Itwasinthehallthatthemayorheldthepressconference.

  5.不能用Itis/was…that结构强调动词

  强调动词常用do,过去式用did.例如:

  1)Theydidstudyveryhardyesterday.

  2)Hedoeslookforwardtomakingtheacquaintanceofher.

  What…is/was…结构

  二、What…is/was…结构常用来强调主语或宾语,在这种结构中,is/was后面是强调的部分.例如:

  1)Whathurtsismyleftleg.

  2)WhatIlikeisherstyle.